This directive applies to civil or administrative procedures on sex discrimination, brought under the situations covered by Article 119 of the Treaty and by Directives 75/117/EEC, 76/207/EEC and in respect of sex discrimination cases brought pursuant to Directives 92/85/EEC and 96/34/EC. Article 4 of this directive requires that where the Plaintiff has shown an arguable case of discrimination, the burden of proof shifts to the defendant, who has to demonstrate that there has been no discrimination. This directive does not apply to criminal cases.