Exceptions
Date
30th Jul 2008
Summary
This is an ERT case summary of the decision by the New Zealand Court of Appeal in the case of Air New Zealand Ltd v. McAlister.
Countries
Geographical Location / M - R / New Zealand
Issues
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Age
Issues / Discrimination Areas / Employment
Issues / Exceptions
Date
16th Feb 2010
Summary
This document outlines Brazilian and regional jurisprudence on racial discrimination in employment.
Countries
Geographical Location / A-D / Brazil
Issues
Issues / Concepts / Legal definitions
Issues / Concepts / Types of Discrimination / Direct discrimination
Issues / Concepts / Types of Discrimination / Harassment
Issues / Concepts / Types of Discrimination / Instruction to discriminate
Issues / Concepts / Types of Discrimination / Indirect discrimination
Issues / International and Regional Standards / Regional Standards
Issues / International and Regional Standards / International Standards
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Race and Ethnicity
Issues / Discrimination Areas / Criminal Justice System
Issues / Discrimination Areas / Employment
Issues / Discrimination Areas / Other Discrimination Areas
Issues / Remedies and Enforcement / Defence of Rights (Procedure)
Issues / Positive Action
Issues / Exceptions
Date
30th Jul 1981
Summary
This is the full text (in French only) of the Law of 30 July 1981 to suppress certain acts inspired by racism or xenophobia (Loi tendant à réprimer certains actes inspirés par le racisme ou la xénophobie), enacted by Belgium. It was adopted on 30 July 1981 and has been in force since 18 August 1981.
Countries
Geographical Location / A-D / Belgium
Issues
Issues / Concepts / Legal definitions
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Race and Ethnicity
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Religion
Issues / Remedies and Enforcement / Sanctions
Issues / Exceptions
Date
25th Nov 1998
Summary
This is the ERT case summary of the UN Human Rights Committee decision of Cornelis Hoofdman v The Netherlands, Communication No. 602/1994, U.N. Doc. CCPR/C/64/D/602/1994.
Countries
Geographical Location / M - R / The Netherlands
Issues
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Other Grounds
Issues / Discrimination Areas / Social Assistance
Issues / International and Regional Standards / International Standards
Issues / Concepts / Types of Discrimination / Indirect discrimination
Issues / Exceptions
Date
2nd Mar 2006
Summary
This is the ERT case summary of the Canadian Federal Court decision in the case of Kunlun Zhang v. the Attorney General of Canada (T-769-05).
Countries
Geographical Location / A-D / Canada
Issues
Issues / Concepts / Legal definitions
Issues / Concepts / Types of Discrimination / Direct discrimination
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Citizenship (nationality)
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Other Grounds
Issues / Discrimination Areas / Criminal Justice System
Issues / Exceptions
Issues / Remedies and Enforcement / Defence of Rights (Procedure)
Date
4th Oct 1990
Summary
This is the ERT case summary of the Canadian Supreme Court decision of R. v Hess, R. v Nguyen [1990] 2 S.C.R. 906.
Countries
Geographical Location / A-D / Canada
Issues
Issues / Concepts / Types of Discrimination / Direct discrimination
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Sex
Issues / Discrimination Areas / Criminal Justice System
Issues / Exceptions
Date
5th Nov 2004
Summary
This is the ERT case summary of the United Kingsom's Court of Appeal decision of Roads v Central Trains Limited [2004] EWCA Civ 1541, (2004) 104 ConLR 62.
Countries
Geographical Location / S - U / United Kingdom
Issues
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Disability
Issues / Reasonable Accommodation
Issues / Remedies and Enforcement / Evidence and Proof / Proving Direct Discrimination
Issues / Exceptions
| ERT Case Summary: The Incorporated Trustees of the National Council on Ageing (Age Concern England) v. Secretary of State for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform, Case C-388/07 | ![]() |
Date
5th Mar 2009
Summary
This is the ERT case summary of the European Court of Justice decision of the Incorporated Trustees of the National Council on Ageing (Age Concern England) v. Secretary of State for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform.
Countries
Geographical Location / S - U / United Kingdom
Issues
Issues / Concepts / Legal definitions
Issues / Concepts / Types of Discrimination / Direct discrimination
Issues / International and Regional Standards / Regional Standards
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Age
Issues / Discrimination Areas / Employment
Issues / Discrimination Areas / Other Discrimination Areas
Issues / Exceptions
Date
22nd Jul 2008
Summary
This is The Equal Rights Trust’s Non-Discrimination and Equality Standards Compendium. The Compendium has been developed as an information and educational resource to guide lawyers, policy makers and human rights activists working to promote the right to equality and non-discrimination.
Countries
Issues
Issues / International and Regional Standards / Regional Standards
Issues / International and Regional Standards / International Standards
Issues / Exceptions
Issues / Reasonable Accommodation
Issues / Positive Action
Issues / Specialised Bodies
Issues / Development and Equal Rights
Issues / Concepts / The ideas of equality and non-discrimination
Issues / Concepts / Legal definitions
Issues / Concepts / The unified perspective on equality
Issues / Concepts / Types of Discrimination / Direct discrimination
Issues / Concepts / Types of Discrimination / Indirect discrimination
Issues / Concepts / Types of Discrimination / Harassment
Issues / Concepts / Types of Discrimination / Incitement
Issues / Concepts / Types of Discrimination / Instruction to discriminate
Issues / Concepts / Types of Discrimination / Segregation
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Age
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Citizenship (nationality)
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Disability
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Gender Identity
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Multiple Discrimination
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Race and Ethnicity
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Religion
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Sex
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Sexual Orientation
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Other Grounds
Issues / Discrimination Areas / Criminal Justice System
Issues / Discrimination Areas / Education
Issues / Discrimination Areas / Employment
Issues / Discrimination Areas / Environment
Issues / Discrimination Areas / Health
Issues / Discrimination Areas / Housing
Issues / Discrimination Areas / Public Services
Issues / Discrimination Areas / Social Assistance
Issues / Discrimination Areas / Other Discrimination Areas
Issues / Social equality and equal rights
Issues / Remedies and Enforcement / Defence of Rights (Procedure)
Issues / Remedies and Enforcement / Evidence and Proof / Proving Direct Discrimination
Issues / Remedies and Enforcement / Evidence and Proof / Proving Indirect Discrimination
Issues / Remedies and Enforcement / Good Practices
Issues / Remedies and Enforcement / NGOs Role
Issues / Remedies and Enforcement / Public Education (Dissemination of Information)
Issues / Remedies and Enforcement / Sanctions
Issues / Remedies and Enforcement / Social Dialogue
Issues / Remedies and Enforcement / Statistics on discrimination
Issues / Remedies and Enforcement / Victimisation
Issues / Positive Obligations / Employer policies
Issues / Positive Obligations / National Action Plans
Issues / Concepts / Types of Discrimination / Victimisation
Date
1st Feb 2004
Summary
This is the text of the Non-Discrimination Act, enacted by Finland. It has been in force since 1 February 2004. This version contains the amendments made by Act No 50/2006.
Countries
Geographical Location / E-H / Finland
Issues
Issues / Concepts / Legal definitions
Issues / Discrimination Areas / Employment
Issues / Discrimination Areas / Health
Issues / Discrimination Areas / Social Assistance
Issues / Discrimination Areas / Other Discrimination Areas
Issues / Discrimination Areas / Housing
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Age
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Race and Ethnicity
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Other Grounds
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Religion
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Disability
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Sexual Orientation
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Sex
Issues / Remedies and Enforcement / Victimisation
Issues / Exceptions
Issues / Specialised Bodies
Issues / Remedies and Enforcement / Defence of Rights (Procedure)
Date
10th Feb 2000
Summary
This is the full text of the Equal Opportunities (Persons with Disability) Act 2000 (Att dwar Opportunitajiet Indaqs għal Persuni b'Diżabilità) enacted by Malta. It was adopted on 10 February 2000 and has been in force since 1 October 2000.
Countries
Geographical Location / M - R / Malta
Issues
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Disability
Issues / Concepts / Legal definitions
Issues / Concepts / Types of Discrimination / Direct discrimination
Issues / Concepts / Types of Discrimination / Indirect discrimination
Issues / Reasonable Accommodation
Issues / Discrimination Areas / Employment
Issues / Discrimination Areas / Education
Issues / Discrimination Areas / Public Services
Issues / Discrimination Areas / Housing
Issues / Exceptions
Issues / Specialised Bodies
Issues / Remedies and Enforcement / Defence of Rights (Procedure)
| Sue Ashtiany, "The Equality Act 2010: Main Concepts", The Equal Rights Review, Volume 5, 2010, pp. 25 - 30. | ![]() |
Date
10th Aug 2010
Summary
This is the article "The Equality Act 2010: Main Concepts", authored by Sue Ashtiany, published in Volume 5 of The Equal Rights Review.
Countries
Geographical Location / S - U / United Kingdom
Issues
Issues / Concepts / Types of Discrimination / Direct discrimination
Issues / Concepts / Types of Discrimination / Indirect discrimination
Issues / Concepts / Types of Discrimination / Harassment
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Age
Issues / Exceptions
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Disability
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Race and Ethnicity
Date
6th Jul 2009
Summary
The Equal Rights Review, Volume Three
Countries
Issues
Issues / International and Regional Standards / Regional Standards
Issues / International and Regional Standards / International Standards
Issues / Exceptions
Issues / Concepts / The ideas of equality and non-discrimination
Issues / Concepts / Legal definitions
Issues / Concepts / The unified perspective on equality
Issues / Positive Action
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Age
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Citizenship (nationality)
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Race and Ethnicity
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Sex
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Sexual Orientation
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Religion
Issues / Discrimination Areas / Education
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Disability
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Other Grounds
Issues / Discrimination Areas / Employment
Issues / Discrimination Areas / Criminal Justice System
Issues / Discrimination Areas / Public Services
Issues / Discrimination Areas / Social Assistance
Issues / Remedies and Enforcement / NGOs Role
| UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Concluding Observations on the Initial Periodic Report of Zambia | ![]() |
Date
23rd Jun 2005
Summary
This is the UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, concluding observations on the initial periodic report of Zambia.
Countries
Geographical Location / V - Z / Zambia
Issues
Issues / Exceptions
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Sex
Issues / Remedies and Enforcement / Statistics on discrimination
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Age
| UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Concluding Observations on the Second Periodic Report of Japan | ![]() |
Date
24th Sept 2001
Summary
This is the UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, concluding observations on the second periodic Report of Japan.
Countries
Geographical Location / I - L / Japan
Issues
Issues / Concepts / The ideas of equality and non-discrimination
Issues / Exceptions
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Race and Ethnicity
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Other Grounds
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Sex
Issues / Discrimination Grounds / Disability
Issues / Discrimination Areas / Employment
Issues / Discrimination Areas / Social Assistance
Issues / Discrimination Areas / Education